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The Dreamer (La Rêveuse)
Jean Antoine Watteau·1712–14
Historical Context
The Dreamer (La Rêveuse) by Antoine Watteau (1712–14) captures a solitary woman absorbed in private reverie — a subject that probes beneath the social surfaces of his fêtes galantes to reveal the inner life of individual feeling. Watteau's women are rarely merely decorative; they possess an interiority that distinguishes his work from the more purely pleasurable art of his followers. The figure's absorbed, slightly melancholy expression reflects the artist's own introspective temperament and his awareness of the gap between social performance and authentic feeling. Painted when Watteau was beginning to achieve recognition in Paris, the work represents his unique ability to combine elegant surface beauty with emotional psychological depth.
Technical Analysis
The small oil-on-panel format suits Watteau's intimate subject, with delicate, trembling brushstrokes building the figure's costume in layers of shimmering color. The warm, tonal harmony and soft atmospheric background demonstrate the influence of Venetian painting on Watteau's palette.
Provenance
Possibly the abbé Pierre Maurice Haranger (died 1735), canon of Saint-Germain-l’Auxerrois, Paris; [based on Pierre Jean Mariette, Notes, Mss. IX, fol. 191[9] Bibliotehèque Nationale, Paris; see Wise 1996]. Comte du Barry, Paris; sold Remy and Le Brun, Paris, November 21 and following, 1774, no. 132, for 190 livres [supported by Gabriel de Saint-Aubin’s sketch in his copy of the sale catalogue in the Musée du Petit Palais, Paris]. Anne Pierre, marquis de Montesquiou, Paris; sold Le Brun, Paris, December 9 and following, 1788, no. 214 [une dame ajustée dans le costume Turc: elle est coëffée d’un bonnet ou turban, la tête tournée de trois quarts sur l’épaule droite, assise sur un tertie dans un fond de paysage. Hauteur 8 pounces 4 lig. largeur 6 pounces. B.” (A woman dressed in a Turkish costume; she is wearing a bonnet or turban, the head turned three quarters toward the right shoulder, seated on a mound in a landscape background. Height 8 pouces 4 lig., width 6 pouces. Panel]. Jules Burat (died 1885), Paris, by 1866; sold Galerie Georges Petit, Paris, April 28 - 29, 1885, no. 109 (ill. with engraving by Léon Gaucherel), as Lancret, to Laurent-Richard for Fr 7,000 [Eudel 1886 states that Burat acquired the picture in 1865; price and buyer at the Burat sale are given in a annotated catalogue of the Frick Art Reference Library]. Vincent Claude Laurent-Richard (died 1886), Paris; sold Galerie Georges Petit, May 28-29, 1886, no. 29 (ill. with engraving by Gaucherel), as Lancret, to Blumenthal for Fr 6,200 [see Rosenberg in Paris/Washington/Berlin 1984, no. P26; the price is given in an annotated catalogue at the Frick Art Reference Library]; Willy Blumenthal, (died 1937) Paris, to at least 1929 [Dacier, Hérold, and Vuaflart 1929, p. 178]. Acquired by Wildenstein, Paris, though an intermediary, 1935; transferred to Wildenstein, New York, 1938 [information kindly supplied by Ah-Whang Hsia, Wildenstein, letter of July 18, 2006 in curatorial file]; sold to the Art Institute, 1960.
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