Cephalus Punished at the Hunt
Bernardino Luini·c. 1520/1522
Historical Context
Cephalus Punished at the Hunt continues the tragic narrative of the Ovidian myth in Luini's Villa Pelucca cycle, depicting one of the episodes preceding the story's climax. The hunt was the central activity through which the myth's themes of skill, jealousy, and divine gift were played out — Cephalus's hunting prowess, which came with the goddess's javelin, ultimately became the instrument of his greatest loss. Luini's treatment combines the landscape tradition of Leonardesque Lombardy with the narrative requirements of Ovidian illustration, creating a fresco style that influenced Lombard painting through the rest of the sixteenth century. The myth's popularity in Renaissance art reflected its exploration of private emotion within heroic narrative.
Technical Analysis
The fresco shows Luini's confident handling of action and landscape within the constraints of the medium. The outdoor setting is rendered with atmospheric effects achieved through careful gradation of tones, while the figures' movements are captured with the fluid line and soft modeling characteristic of Luini's mature style.
Provenance
Commissioned c. 1522 by Gerolamo Rabia for either the Casa Rabia, Milan, or his country house, La Pelucca, near Monza.[1] Michele Cavaleri, Milan; sold 1873 to Enrico (Henri) Cernuschi [1821-1896], Paris and Menton, until at least 1895.[2] (Charles Sedelmeyer, Paris), by 1897.[3] Rodolphe Kann [d. 1905], Paris, by 1900;[4] his estate; sold 1907 to (Duveen Brothers, Inc., London, New York, and Paris); sold 1942 to the Samuel H. Kress Foundation, New York;[5] gift 1943 to NGA. [1] See the discussion in Fern Rusk Shapley, _Catalogue of the Italian Paintings_, 2 vols., Washington, D.C., 1979: 1:285-288. If the frescoes were in the Casa Rabia, on the Piazza San Sepolcro in Milan, the house passed out of the family about 1530, but the paintings remained in place since they were not removed until about 1800. Among the subsequent owners of the house were the Palletta and Silva families. [2] The ownership of the frescoes by Cavaleri and Cernuschi, as well as other information about the provenance is discussed in detail by Luca Beltrami, _Luini, materiale de studio_, Milan, 1911: 188-198. Cavaleri was a Milanese lawyer who began collecting around 1845 and from 1870 on opened to the public what by then had come to be called the Cavaleri Museum. The owner hoped that the collection would be purchased by the city of Milan, but when negotiations fell through, he sold the entire collection to Cernuschi on 13 April 1873 (see Alessandra Mottola Molfino, "Collezionismo e mercato artistico a Milano," in _Zenale e Leonardo. Tradizione e rinnovamento della pittura lombarda_, Milan, 1982: 247-248). Cernuschi was a Milanese emigrant to France, and as he otherwise collected mainly objects of Asian Art (see Caroline Gyss-Vermande, "Cernuschi, Henri," in _Dictionary of Art_, 34 vols., New York, 1996: 6:345), it is likely he obtained his Italian paintings from the Cavaleri collection. [3] Charles Sedelmeyer, [catalogue], Paris, 1897: nos. 52-60. [4] _Gemälde-Sammlung des Herrn Rudolf Kann in Paris. 100 Photogravuren mit Text von Wilhelm Bode_, Vienna, 1900. [5] Fern Rusk Shapley, _Paintings from the Samuel H. Kress Collection: Italian Schools, XV-XVI Century_, London, 1968: 141-142.See also The Kress Collection Digital Archive, https://kress.nga.gov/Detail/objects/467.
